## This file is part of the libsigrokdecode project.
##
## Copyright (C) 2012-2013 Uwe Hermann <uwe@hermann-uwe.de>
+## Copyright (C) 2019 Stephan Thiele <stephan.thiele@mailbox.org>
##
## This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
## it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
## along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
##
+from common.srdhelper import bitpack_msb
import sigrokdecode as srd
class SamplerateError(Exception):
pass
+def dlc2len(dlc):
+ return [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 32, 48, 64][dlc]
+
class Decoder(srd.Decoder):
api_version = 3
id = 'can'
license = 'gplv2+'
inputs = ['logic']
outputs = ['can']
+ tags = ['Automotive']
channels = (
{'id': 'can_rx', 'name': 'CAN RX', 'desc': 'CAN bus line'},
)
options = (
- {'id': 'bitrate', 'desc': 'Bitrate (bits/s)', 'default': 1000000},
+ {'id': 'nominal_bitrate', 'desc': 'Nominal bitrate (bits/s)', 'default': 1000000},
+ {'id': 'fast_bitrate', 'desc': 'Fast bitrate (bits/s)', 'default': 2000000},
{'id': 'sample_point', 'desc': 'Sample point (%)', 'default': 70.0},
)
annotations = (
- ('data', 'CAN payload data'),
+ ('data', 'Payload data'),
('sof', 'Start of frame'),
('eof', 'End of frame'),
('id', 'Identifier'),
('ack-slot', 'ACK slot'),
('ack-delimiter', 'ACK delimiter'),
('stuff-bit', 'Stuff bit'),
- ('warnings', 'Human-readable warnings'),
+ ('warning', 'Warning'),
('bit', 'Bit'),
)
annotation_rows = (
)
def __init__(self):
+ self.reset()
+
+ def reset(self):
self.samplerate = None
self.reset_variables()
def start(self):
self.out_ann = self.register(srd.OUTPUT_ANN)
+ self.out_python = self.register(srd.OUTPUT_PYTHON)
+
+ def set_bit_rate(self, bitrate):
+ self.bit_width = float(self.samplerate) / float(bitrate)
+ self.sample_point = (self.bit_width / 100.0) * self.options['sample_point']
+
+ def set_nominal_bitrate(self):
+ self.set_bit_rate(self.options['nominal_bitrate'])
+
+ def set_fast_bitrate(self):
+ self.set_bit_rate(self.options['fast_bitrate'])
def metadata(self, key, value):
if key == srd.SRD_CONF_SAMPLERATE:
self.samplerate = value
- self.bit_width = float(self.samplerate) / float(self.options['bitrate'])
+ self.bit_width = float(self.samplerate) / float(self.options['nominal_bitrate'])
self.sample_point = (self.bit_width / 100.0) * self.options['sample_point']
# Generic helper for CAN bit annotations.
def put12(self, data):
self.putg(self.ss_bit12, self.ss_bit12, data)
+ # Single-CAN-bit annotation using the samplenum of CAN bit 32.
+ def put32(self, data):
+ self.putg(self.ss_bit32, self.ss_bit32, data)
+
# Multi-CAN-bit annotation from self.ss_block to current samplenum.
def putb(self, data):
self.putg(self.ss_block, self.samplenum, data)
+ def putpy(self, data):
+ self.put(self.ss_packet, self.es_packet, self.out_python, data)
+
def reset_variables(self):
self.state = 'IDLE'
self.sof = self.frame_type = self.dlc = None
self.last_databit = 999 # Positive value that bitnum+x will never match
self.ss_block = None
self.ss_bit12 = None
+ self.ss_bit32 = None
self.ss_databytebits = []
+ self.frame_bytes = []
+ self.rtr_type = None
+ self.fd = False
+ self.rtr = None
+
+ # Poor man's clock synchronization. Use signal edges which change to
+ # dominant state in rather simple ways. This naive approach is neither
+ # aware of the SYNC phase's width nor the specific location of the edge,
+ # but improves the decoder's reliability when the input signal's bitrate
+ # does not exactly match the nominal rate.
+ def dom_edge_seen(self, force = False):
+ self.dom_edge_snum = self.samplenum
+ self.dom_edge_bcount = self.curbit
# Determine the position of the next desired bit's sample point.
def get_sample_point(self, bitnum):
- samplenum = int(self.sof + (self.bit_width * bitnum) + self.sample_point)
- return samplenum
+ samplenum = self.dom_edge_snum
+ samplenum += self.bit_width * (bitnum - self.dom_edge_bcount)
+ samplenum += self.sample_point
+ return int(samplenum)
def is_stuff_bit(self):
# CAN uses NRZ encoding and bit stuffing.
# After 5 identical bits, a stuff bit of opposite value is added.
# But not in the CRC delimiter, ACK, and end of frame fields.
- if len(self.bits) > self.last_databit + 16:
+ if len(self.bits) > self.last_databit + 17:
return False
last_6_bits = self.rawbits[-6:]
if last_6_bits not in ([0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1], [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0]):
# Remember start of CRC sequence (see below).
if bitnum == (self.last_databit + 1):
self.ss_block = self.samplenum
+ if self.fd:
+ if dlc2len(self.dlc) < 16:
+ self.crc_len = 27 # 17 + SBC + stuff bits
+ else:
+ self.crc_len = 32 # 21 + SBC + stuff bits
+ else:
+ self.crc_len = 15
+
+ # CRC sequence (15 bits, 17 bits or 21 bits)
+ elif bitnum == (self.last_databit + self.crc_len):
+ if self.fd:
+ if dlc2len(self.dlc) < 16:
+ crc_type = "CRC-17"
+ else:
+ crc_type = "CRC-21"
+ else:
+ crc_type = "CRC-15"
- # CRC sequence (15 bits)
- elif bitnum == (self.last_databit + 15):
x = self.last_databit + 1
- crc_bits = self.bits[x:x + 15 + 1]
- self.crc = int(''.join(str(d) for d in crc_bits), 2)
- self.putb([11, ['CRC sequence: 0x%04x' % self.crc,
- 'CRC: 0x%04x' % self.crc, 'CRC']])
+ crc_bits = self.bits[x:x + self.crc_len + 1]
+ self.crc = bitpack_msb(crc_bits)
+ self.putb([11, ['%s sequence: 0x%04x' % (crc_type, self.crc),
+ '%s: 0x%04x' % (crc_type, self.crc), '%s' % crc_type]])
if not self.is_valid_crc(crc_bits):
self.putb([16, ['CRC is invalid']])
# CRC delimiter bit (recessive)
- elif bitnum == (self.last_databit + 16):
+ elif bitnum == (self.last_databit + self.crc_len + 1):
self.putx([12, ['CRC delimiter: %d' % can_rx,
'CRC d: %d' % can_rx, 'CRC d']])
if can_rx != 1:
self.putx([16, ['CRC delimiter must be a recessive bit']])
+ if self.fd:
+ self.set_nominal_bitrate()
+
# ACK slot bit (dominant: ACK, recessive: NACK)
- elif bitnum == (self.last_databit + 17):
+ elif bitnum == (self.last_databit + self.crc_len + 2):
ack = 'ACK' if can_rx == 0 else 'NACK'
self.putx([13, ['ACK slot: %s' % ack, 'ACK s: %s' % ack, 'ACK s']])
# ACK delimiter bit (recessive)
- elif bitnum == (self.last_databit + 18):
+ elif bitnum == (self.last_databit + self.crc_len + 3):
self.putx([14, ['ACK delimiter: %d' % can_rx,
'ACK d: %d' % can_rx, 'ACK d']])
if can_rx != 1:
self.putx([16, ['ACK delimiter must be a recessive bit']])
# Remember start of EOF (see below).
- elif bitnum == (self.last_databit + 19):
+ elif bitnum == (self.last_databit + self.crc_len + 4):
self.ss_block = self.samplenum
# End of frame (EOF), 7 recessive bits
- elif bitnum == (self.last_databit + 25):
+ elif bitnum == (self.last_databit + self.crc_len + 10):
self.putb([2, ['End of frame', 'EOF', 'E']])
if self.rawbits[-7:] != [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1]:
self.putb([16, ['End of frame (EOF) must be 7 recessive bits']])
+ self.es_packet = self.samplenum
+ py_data = tuple([self.frame_type, self.fullid, self.rtr_type,
+ self.dlc, self.frame_bytes])
+ self.putpy(py_data)
self.reset_variables()
return True
# Returns True if the frame ended (EOF), False otherwise.
def decode_standard_frame(self, can_rx, bitnum):
- # Bit 14: RB0 (reserved bit)
- # Has to be sent dominant, but receivers should accept recessive too.
+ # Bit 14: FDF (Flexible data format)
+ # Has to be sent dominant when FD frame, has to be sent recessive
+ # when classic CAN frame.
if bitnum == 14:
- self.putx([7, ['Reserved bit 0: %d' % can_rx,
- 'RB0: %d' % can_rx, 'RB0']])
+ self.fd = True if can_rx else False
+ if self.fd:
+ self.putx([7, ['Flexible data format: %d' % can_rx,
+ 'FDF: %d' % can_rx, 'FDF']])
+ else:
+ self.putx([7, ['Reserved bit 0: %d' % can_rx,
+ 'RB0: %d' % can_rx, 'RB0']])
+
+ if self.fd:
+ # Bit 12: Substitute remote request (SRR) bit
+ self.put12([8, ['Substitute remote request', 'SRR']])
+ self.dlc_start = 18
+ else:
+ # Bit 12: Remote transmission request (RTR) bit
+ # Data frame: dominant, remote frame: recessive
+ # Remote frames do not contain a data field.
+ rtr = 'remote' if self.bits[12] == 1 else 'data'
+ self.put12([8, ['Remote transmission request: %s frame' % rtr,
+ 'RTR: %s frame' % rtr, 'RTR']])
+ self.rtr_type = rtr
+ self.dlc_start = 15
- # Bit 12: Remote transmission request (RTR) bit
- # Data frame: dominant, remote frame: recessive
- # Remote frames do not contain a data field.
- rtr = 'remote' if self.bits[12] == 1 else 'data'
- self.put12([8, ['Remote transmission request: %s frame' % rtr,
- 'RTR: %s frame' % rtr, 'RTR']])
+ if bitnum == 15 and self.fd:
+ self.putx([7, ['Reserved: %d' % can_rx, 'R0: %d' % can_rx, 'R0']])
+
+ if bitnum == 16 and self.fd:
+ self.putx([7, ['Bit rate switch: %d' % can_rx, 'BRS: %d' % can_rx, 'BRS']])
+
+ if bitnum == 17 and self.fd:
+ self.putx([7, ['Error state indicator: %d' % can_rx, 'ESI: %d' % can_rx, 'ESI']])
# Remember start of DLC (see below).
- elif bitnum == 15:
+ elif bitnum == self.dlc_start:
self.ss_block = self.samplenum
# Bits 15-18: Data length code (DLC), in number of bytes (0-8).
- elif bitnum == 18:
- self.dlc = int(''.join(str(d) for d in self.bits[15:18 + 1]), 2)
+ elif bitnum == self.dlc_start + 3:
+ self.dlc = bitpack_msb(self.bits[self.dlc_start:self.dlc_start + 4])
self.putb([10, ['Data length code: %d' % self.dlc,
'DLC: %d' % self.dlc, 'DLC']])
- self.last_databit = 18 + (self.dlc * 8)
- if self.dlc > 8:
+ self.last_databit = self.dlc_start + 3 + (dlc2len(self.dlc) * 8)
+ if self.dlc > 8 and not self.fd:
self.putb([16, ['Data length code (DLC) > 8 is not allowed']])
# Remember all databyte bits, except the very last one.
- elif bitnum in range(19, self.last_databit):
+ elif bitnum in range(self.dlc_start + 4, self.last_databit):
self.ss_databytebits.append(self.samplenum)
# Bits 19-X: Data field (0-8 bytes, depending on DLC)
# The bits within a data byte are transferred MSB-first.
elif bitnum == self.last_databit:
self.ss_databytebits.append(self.samplenum) # Last databyte bit.
- for i in range(self.dlc):
- x = 18 + (8 * i) + 1
- b = int(''.join(str(d) for d in self.bits[x:x + 8]), 2)
+ for i in range(dlc2len(self.dlc)):
+ x = self.dlc_start + 4 + (8 * i)
+ b = bitpack_msb(self.bits[x:x + 8])
+ self.frame_bytes.append(b)
ss = self.ss_databytebits[i * 8]
es = self.ss_databytebits[((i + 1) * 8) - 1]
self.putg(ss, es, [0, ['Data byte %d: 0x%02x' % (i, b),
# Remember start of EID (see below).
if bitnum == 14:
self.ss_block = self.samplenum
+ self.fd = False
+ self.dlc_start = 35
# Bits 14-31: Extended identifier (EID[17..0])
elif bitnum == 31:
- self.eid = int(''.join(str(d) for d in self.bits[14:]), 2)
+ self.eid = bitpack_msb(self.bits[14:])
s = '%d (0x%x)' % (self.eid, self.eid)
self.putb([4, ['Extended Identifier: %s' % s,
'Extended ID: %s' % s, 'Extended ID', 'EID']])
- self.fullid = self.id << 18 | self.eid
+ self.fullid = self.ident << 18 | self.eid
s = '%d (0x%x)' % (self.fullid, self.fullid)
self.putb([5, ['Full Identifier: %s' % s, 'Full ID: %s' % s,
'Full ID', 'FID']])
# Bit 32: Remote transmission request (RTR) bit
# Data frame: dominant, remote frame: recessive
# Remote frames do not contain a data field.
+
+ # Remember start of RTR (see below).
if bitnum == 32:
- rtr = 'remote' if can_rx == 1 else 'data'
- self.putx([8, ['Remote transmission request: %s frame' % rtr,
- 'RTR: %s frame' % rtr, 'RTR']])
+ self.ss_bit32 = self.samplenum
+ self.rtr = can_rx
+
+ if not self.fd:
+ rtr = 'remote' if can_rx == 1 else 'data'
+ self.putx([8, ['Remote transmission request: %s frame' % rtr,
+ 'RTR: %s frame' % rtr, 'RTR']])
+ self.rtr_type = rtr
# Bit 33: RB1 (reserved bit)
elif bitnum == 33:
- self.putx([7, ['Reserved bit 1: %d' % can_rx,
- 'RB1: %d' % can_rx, 'RB1']])
+ self.fd = True if can_rx else False
+ if self.fd:
+ self.dlc_start = 37
+ self.putx([7, ['Flexible data format: %d' % can_rx,
+ 'FDF: %d' % can_rx, 'FDF']])
+ self.put32([7, ['Reserved bit 1: %d' % self.rtr,
+ 'RB1: %d' % self.rtr, 'RB1']])
+ else:
+ self.putx([7, ['Reserved bit 1: %d' % can_rx,
+ 'RB1: %d' % can_rx, 'RB1']])
# Bit 34: RB0 (reserved bit)
elif bitnum == 34:
self.putx([7, ['Reserved bit 0: %d' % can_rx,
'RB0: %d' % can_rx, 'RB0']])
+ elif bitnum == 35 and self.fd:
+ self.putx([7, ['Bit rate switch: %d' % can_rx,
+ 'BRS: %d' % can_rx, 'BRS']])
+
+ elif bitnum == 36 and self.fd:
+ self.putx([7, ['Error state indicator: %d' % can_rx,
+ 'ESI: %d' % can_rx, 'ESI']])
+
# Remember start of DLC (see below).
- elif bitnum == 35:
+ elif bitnum == self.dlc_start:
self.ss_block = self.samplenum
# Bits 35-38: Data length code (DLC), in number of bytes (0-8).
- elif bitnum == 38:
- self.dlc = int(''.join(str(d) for d in self.bits[35:38 + 1]), 2)
+ elif bitnum == self.dlc_start + 3:
+ self.dlc = bitpack_msb(self.bits[self.dlc_start:self.dlc_start + 4])
self.putb([10, ['Data length code: %d' % self.dlc,
'DLC: %d' % self.dlc, 'DLC']])
- self.last_databit = 38 + (self.dlc * 8)
+ self.last_databit = self.dlc_start + 3 + (dlc2len(self.dlc) * 8)
# Remember all databyte bits, except the very last one.
- elif bitnum in range(39, self.last_databit):
+ elif bitnum in range(self.dlc_start + 4, self.last_databit):
self.ss_databytebits.append(self.samplenum)
# Bits 39-X: Data field (0-8 bytes, depending on DLC)
# The bits within a data byte are transferred MSB-first.
elif bitnum == self.last_databit:
self.ss_databytebits.append(self.samplenum) # Last databyte bit.
- for i in range(self.dlc):
- x = 38 + (8 * i) + 1
- b = int(''.join(str(d) for d in self.bits[x:x + 8]), 2)
+ for i in range(dlc2len(self.dlc)):
+ x = self.dlc_start + 4 + (8 * i)
+ b = bitpack_msb(self.bits[x:x + 8])
+ self.frame_bytes.append(b)
ss = self.ss_databytebits[i * 8]
es = self.ss_databytebits[((i + 1) * 8) - 1]
self.putg(ss, es, [0, ['Data byte %d: 0x%02x' % (i, b),
# Get the index of the current CAN frame bit (without stuff bits).
bitnum = len(self.bits) - 1
+ if self.fd and can_rx:
+ if bitnum == 16 and self.frame_type == 'standard' \
+ or bitnum == 35 and self.frame_type == 'extended':
+ self.dom_edge_seen(force=True)
+ self.set_fast_bitrate()
+
# If this is a stuff bit, remove it from self.bits and ignore it.
if self.is_stuff_bit():
self.putx([15, [str(can_rx)]])
# Bit 0: Start of frame (SOF) bit
if bitnum == 0:
+ self.ss_packet = self.samplenum
self.putx([1, ['Start of frame', 'SOF', 'S']])
if can_rx != 0:
self.putx([16, ['Start of frame (SOF) must be a dominant bit']])
# Bits 1-11: Identifier (ID[10..0])
# The bits ID[10..4] must NOT be all recessive.
elif bitnum == 11:
- self.id = int(''.join(str(d) for d in self.bits[1:]), 2)
- s = '%d (0x%x)' % (self.id, self.id),
+ # BEWARE! Don't clobber the decoder's .id field which is
+ # part of its boiler plate!
+ self.ident = bitpack_msb(self.bits[1:])
+ self.fullid = self.ident
+ s = '%d (0x%x)' % (self.ident, self.ident),
self.putb([3, ['Identifier: %s' % s, 'ID: %s' % s, 'ID']])
- if (self.id & 0x7f0) == 0x7f0:
+ if (self.ident & 0x7f0) == 0x7f0:
self.putb([16, ['Identifier bits 10..4 must not be all recessive']])
# RTR or SRR bit, depending on frame type (gets handled later).
# Wait for a dominant state (logic 0) on the bus.
(can_rx,) = self.wait({0: 'l'})
self.sof = self.samplenum
+ self.dom_edge_seen(force = True)
self.state = 'GET BITS'
elif self.state == 'GET BITS':
# Wait until we're in the correct bit/sampling position.
pos = self.get_sample_point(self.curbit)
- (can_rx,) = self.wait({'skip': pos - self.samplenum})
- self.handle_bit(can_rx)
+ (can_rx,) = self.wait([{'skip': pos - self.samplenum}, {0: 'f'}])
+ if self.matched[1]:
+ self.dom_edge_seen()
+ if self.matched[0]:
+ self.handle_bit(can_rx)